### Behaviour

**By default EPPlus will throw an exception when it detects a circular reference. This feature can be disabled by supplying an instance of `ExcelCalculationOption` to the `Calculate` method. If you set the property `AllowCircularReferences` to true, the formula engine will instead treat cells with circular references as empty values.**

EPPlus 5 and up has improved handling of circular references during calculation compared to EPPlus 4. Functions that should not be affected by circular references such as ROW, ROWS, COLUMN and COLUMN now works as expected and will not throw an exception when they refer to their own cell.  
If `ExcelCalculationOption.AllowCircularReferences` is set to true a cell containing a circular reference will be handled as a cell containing no value, which is more like how Excel handles it after the initial warning you will get.

#### Configuration

You can configure the behaviour of the calculation engine regarding circular references via your applications configuration settings. This way you don't have to set the `ExcelCalculationOption` property each time you call `Calculate()`.

**.NET Core** (appsettings.json)

```json
{
  "EPPlus": {
    "ExcelPackage": {
      "LicenseContext": "Commercial",
      "AllowCircularReferences" :  "true"
    }
  }
}
```

**.NET Framework** (app.config/web.config, not supported in .NET Core, 6, 7)

```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="EPPlus:ExcelPackage.LicenseContext" value="Commercial" />
    <add key="EPPlus:ExcelPackage.AllowCircularReferences" value="false" />
  </appSettings>
</configuration>
```

### See also

[Formula calculation](<https://epplussoftware.com/docs/formulas-and-filters/formula-calculation/index.md>)